HIV Transmission
Learn how HIV is transmitted, what activities carry a risk, and the simple steps you can take to prevent HIV.
HIV can only be transmitted in certain situations where body fluids containing the virus enter another person's bloodstream.
Sexual HIV Transmission
During anal or vaginal sex with a person living with HIV, without effective HIV prevention.
Blood-to-blood HIV Transmission
Through blood-to-blood contact, like sharing injecting or tattooing equipment.
Parent-to-Child HIV Transmission
From parent to child during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding.
FAQs
There have been no confirmed cases of HIV transmission through oral sex alone.
You cannot get HIV from kissing, hugging, sharing food or drinks, toilet seats, cutlery or everyday social contact.
No.
People living with HIV who take effective treatment and maintain an undetectable viral load cannot pass HIV on through sex. This is known as U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable) and is backed by extensive scientific evidence.
Yes. HIV can be transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, including sharing needles or other injecting equipment.
If you inject drugs, always use new, sterile equipment. If you're getting a tattoo or piercing, choose a reputable provider that follows infection control practices.
Yes, but effective treatment has made parent-to-child transmission very uncommon in Australia.
If you or your partner are living with HIV and planning a pregnancy, or are already pregnant, speak with your healthcare provider. Treatment and specialist care can greatly reduce the risk of HIV being passed to your baby.
Related Services
HIV/STI Testing
Find a free HIV test near you with our PRONTO! and CONNECT services.
Living with HIV
Support, community and practical services to help you live well with HIV.
General Practice
The Centre Clinic: general practice (GP) and sexual health clinic.
Workforce Training
Build your workforce capacity to deliver inclusive care for our communities.